Category

Technology Transactions

Jim Chester Speaks at State Bar of Texas Annual “Advanced IP” CLE

By Blog, Customs IP Enforcement, Import, Intellectual Property, International Business, International IP, News, Technology Transactions

Dallas, Texas, 14 April 2014 – J. F. (Jim) Chester, founding partner in the Dallas-based business & innovation law firm of Chester & Jeter LLP recently presented a speech on the U.S. regulation of international technology transfers to a statewide audience of intellectual property attorneys at an event sponsored by the Intellectual Property Section of the State Bar of Texas (SBOT).

Chester’s presentation was part of the SBOT’s annual 2-day “Advanced IP” CLE program, which features many of the stats most notable IP attorneys.  This year’s event was held in Dallas, Texas.

The title of Chester’s presentation was: “International Technology Transfers”, and focused on the regulatory issues associated with the import and export of technology and IP-oriented goods and information.

Chester reports, “I was honored to be asked to participate in this program, which is one of the top IP law-oriented events in the State of Texas.  IP is an increasingly global asset, and although increased international trade creates opportunities for IP owners, there are also increased risks. I applaud the SBOT, and the IP Section in particular, for ensuring that emerging important subject like these are addressed in its programs. ”

 

 

 

About Chester & Jeter LLP

Chester & Jeter LLP is a Dallas, Texas law firm providing comprehensive legal services to innovation-based companies doing business in the US, around the world, and on the web.  Its mission (and passion) is helping entrepreneurs and emerging companies solve problems and protect their interests. Chester & Jeter LLP delivers value by providing business-savvy, cost-effective solutions to legal challenges.  The firm offers a wide array of business legal solutions, such as business entity formation (LLCs, corporations, etc.), trademarks and other intellectual property, technology transactions, contracts, ecommerce, employment law and dispute resolution.  Additional information about the firm and its attorneys may be found at www.chester-law.com

 

Ex-Im Bank Approves $694 Million to Finance Export of U.S. Mining and Rail Equipment to Australia: Transaction Supports 3,400 U.S. Jobs

By International Business, News, Technology Transactions

In a decision that will support thousands of U.S. jobs, the Export-Import Bank of the United States (Ex-Im Bank) has authorized a $694.4 million loan to Roy Hill Holdings of Australia contingent upon the purchase of U.S. mining and rail equipment from Caterpillar Inc., GE, and Atlas Copco.

According to Bank estimates derived from Departments of Commerce and Labor data and methodology, the credit will support 3,400 U.S. jobs across America. Furthermore, an estimated 20 percent of the job support will benefit small-business jobs.

“After a comprehensive review, the Bank determined that this transaction represents a significant opportunity for American exporters to create and sustain American jobs,” said Ex-Im Bank Chairman and President Fred P. Hochberg. “Our financing positions American companies on a level playing field so they can close the sales and expand their homegrown workforces. Projects this size can be difficult to finance—that’s where Ex-Im comes in. And I am proud that today’s action will support 3,400 jobs across the country, many of them at small businesses.”

Export credit agencies of several other countries have obtained preliminary or final approvals for the Roy Hill transaction as well.

The exported equipment will contribute to the development of the Roy Hill iron ore mine, an open-pit surface mine in the Pilbara region of northwestern Australia. The mine sits approximately 280 kilometers south of Port Hedland.

Ex-Im Bank’s loan increases the likelihood that Caterpillar, a leading equipment manufacturer based in Peoria, Ill., will provide surface-mining equipment for the project.

“Caterpillar applauds Ex-Im Bank for approving the long-term financing request for the Roy Hill’s Australian iron-ore project,” said Steve Wunning, group president with responsibility for the Resource Industries Group, Caterpillar Inc. “By backing this project, Ex-Im Bank is bolstering U.S. manufacturing competitiveness, supporting American jobs and promoting exports. Ex-Im Bank is also providing Caterpillar and other U.S. suppliers with the opportunity to support Roy Hill with mining equipment that may have otherwise been supplied by non-U.S. competitors using their countries’ export credit agencies. We appreciate the support of Chairman Hochberg and all the Ex-Im Bank officials who worked so hard to get us to this point.”

The financing also increases the likelihood that GE will furnish locomotives to transport the iron ore to the port.

“Ex-Im Bank’s support of the Roy Hill’s Australian iron-ore project represents a major milestone for the mining industry and U.S. job growth,” said Russell Stokes, president and chief executive officer, GE Transportation. “Further, it’s testament to the great outcomes that can be achieved through collaboration of federal and private sector leadership. We’re thrilled to have our locomotives leading the charge and enabling transport efficiencies.”

In line with its economic-impact procedures, Ex-Im Bank performed a detailed economic-impact analysis and found that the transaction will likely have a significant net positive effect on the U.S. economy. Additionally, Ex-Im Bank obtained a market-based supplemental analysis prepared by a third party that also yielded a positive finding.

ABOUT EX-IM BANK:

Ex-Im Bank is an independent federal agency that creates and maintains U.S. jobs by filling gaps in private export financing at no cost to American taxpayers. The Bank provides a variety of financing mechanisms, including working-capital guarantees, export-credit insurance and financing to help foreign buyers purchase U.S. goods and services. In the past fiscal year alone, Ex-Im Bank earned for U.S. taxpayers more than $1 billion above the cost of operations.

In FY 2013, Ex-Im Bank approved more than $27 billion in total authorizations to support an estimated $37.4 billion in U.S. export sales and approximately 205,000 American jobs in communities across the country. For the year, the Bank approved a record 3,413 transactions– or 89 percent–for small-businesses. For more information, visit www.exim.gov.

SOURCE:  US EXPORT-IMPORT BANK

Norwegian Tax Authority Declares “BitCoins” Property, not Currency

By International Business, Technology Transactions

Bitcoins, the online currency, have received much media attention in a short time and become an up-and-coming international means of payment.  The Norwegian Tax Administration (NTA) has weighed in on the legal classification of bitcoins by issuing a “Principle Statement” stating that, although one may accept payment in bitcoins, they are not a currency but a capital property and therefore sales using bitcoins that entail a profit will make the seller liable for Norwegian taxes. (Bruk av bitcoins – skatte- og avgiftsmessige konsekvenser, NTA website (Nov. 11, 2013).) Conversely, losses incurred through trading in Bitcoins are deductible.

While Norwegian law provides for an exemption from taxes on small winnings gained from currency exchanges in currencies commonly used for travel, the exemption does not extend to bitcoins, according to the NTA. (Marius Lorentzen, Skatteeataten har bestemt seg: handler du bitcoins må du ut med bade skatt og moms, E24 DIGITAL (last updated Nov. 22, 2013).)

The NTA’s finding that bitcoins and similar forms of payment used by online payment service units are not currencies has consequences for business owners as well. Any trade in bitcoins is subject to the 25% Norwegian VAT.

Because the use of bitcoins is new and controversial, the issue of the legal definition of such digital forms of payment is likely to eventually reach the Norwegian courts. For now, however, bitcoin users in Norway are advised to take note and keep track of their bitcoin purchases.

SOURCE:  US Library of Congress; Global Legal Monitor

Black-Out Monday: 706 Web Sites Selling Counterfeit Merchandise Seized

By copyright, Customs IP Enforcement, Export, Import, Intellectual Property, International IP, Internet / eCommerce, News, Technology Transactions

U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s (ICE) Homeland Security Investigations (HSI) teamed with 10 foreign law enforcement agencies to seize hundreds of domain names that were illegally selling counterfeit merchandise online to unsuspecting consumers. Seizures come as US consumers flock to the Web for Cyber Monday shopping deals.

The 706 domain names seized were set up to dupe consumers into unknowingly buying counterfeit goods as part of the holiday shopping season. The operations were coordinated by the HSI-led National Intellectual Property Rights Coordination Center (IPR Center) in Washington, D.C.

An iteration of “Operation In Our Sites,” Project Cyber Monday IV resulted in the seizure of 297 domain names from undercover operations conducted by HSI offices around the country. This is the fourth year that the IPR Center has targeted websites selling counterfeit products online in conjunction with Cyber Monday. Due to the global nature of Internet crime, the IPR Center partnered with Europol who, through its member countries, seized 393 foreign-based top-level domains as part of Project Transatlantic III. Additionally, Hong Kong Customs coordinated the seizure of 16 foreign-based top-level domains hosted in Hong Kong, enlisting the assistance of the web-hosting companies to suspend the service of related websites.

“Working with our international partners on operations like this shows the true global impact of IP crime,” said ICE Acting Director John Sandweg. “Counterfeiters take advantage of the holiday season and sell cheap fakes to unsuspecting consumers everywhere. Consumers need to protect themselves, their families, and their personal financial information from the criminal networks operating these bogus sites.”

During the weeks leading up to the end of the year, the market is flooded with counterfeit products being sold at stores, on street corners, and online, according to law enforcement officials, not only ripping off the consumer with shoddy products, but also putting their personal financial information at risk. The most popular counterfeit products seized each year include headphones, sports jerseys, personal care products, shoes, toys, luxury goods, cell phones and electronic accessories, according to the IPR Center.

“This operation is another good example of how transatlantic law enforcement cooperation works. It sends a signal to criminals that they should not feel safe anywhere,” said Rob Wainwright, director of Europol. “Unfortunately the economic downturn has meant that disposable income has gone down, which may tempt more people to buy products for prices that are too good to be true. Consumers should realize that, by buying these products, they risk supporting organized crime.”

During the last few weeks, the IPR Center and its international partners received leads from trademark holders regarding the infringing websites. Those leads were disseminated to HSI offices in Denver, Dallas, El Paso, Houston and Salt Lake City as well as the Belgium Economic Inspection, Belgium Customs, Denmark Police, Hungarian Customs, French Gendarmerie, French Customs, Romanian Police, Spanish Guardia Civil, City of London Police, and Hong Kong Customs and Excise Department.

The domain names seized are now in the custody of the governments involved in these operations. Visitors typing those domain names into their Web browsers will now find a banner that notifies them of the seizure and educates them about the federal crime of willful copyright infringement.

During this operation, federal law enforcement officers made undercover purchases of a host of products including professional sports jerseys and equipment, DVD sets and a variety of clothing, jewelry and luxury goods from online retailers who were suspected of selling counterfeit products. Upon confirmation by the trademark or copyright holders that the purchased products were counterfeit or otherwise illegal, law enforcement officers obtained seizure orders for the domain names of the websites that sold these goods.

Operation In Our Sites is a sustained law enforcement initiative that began more than three years ago to protect consumers by targeting the sale of counterfeit merchandise on the Internet. The 297 domain names seized under Project Cyber Monday IV bring the total number of In Our Sites domain names seized to 2,550 since the operation began in June 2010. In that time, the seizure banner has received more than 122 million individual views.

U.S. Attorney’s Offices in the District of Utah, Western District of Texas, Southern District of Texas, Northern District of Texas, and the District of Colorado issued the warrants for U.S. seizures. Significant assistance was provided by the Department of Justice’s Computer Crime and Intellectual Property Section.

The HSI-led IPR Center is one of the U.S. government’s key weapons in the fight against criminal counterfeiting and piracy. Working in close coordination with the Department of Justice Task Force on Intellectual Property, the IPR Center uses the expertise of its 21-member agencies to share information, develop initiatives, coordinate enforcement actions and conduct investigations related to intellectual property theft. Through this strategic interagency partnership, the IPR Center protects the public’s health and safety and the U.S. economy.

SOURCE:  U.S. ICE (www.iprcenter.gov)

 

One of World’s Largest Digital Currency Companies Charged with Money Laundering

By Internet / eCommerce, Technology Transactions

U.S. attorney and representatives from several law enforcement agencies announced an indictment charging Liberty Reserve, one of the world’s largest digital currency companies, and seven of its principals and employees with money laundering and operating an unlicensed money transmitting business. The charges stem from an investigation by the Global Illicit Financial Team which consists of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s (ICE) Homeland Security Investigations (HSI), the U.S. Secret Service and the Internal Revenue Service’s (IRS) Criminal Investigations Division.

Law enforcement officials arrested five defendants. Arthur Budovsky, 39, the principal and founder of Liberty Reserve, and Azzeddine El Amine, 46, a manager of Liberty Reserve’s financial account, were both arrested in Spain. Vladimir Kats, 41, the cofounder of Liberty Reserve, was arrested in Brooklyn. Mark Marmilev, 33, and Maxim Chukharev, 27, both who helped design and maintain Liberty Reserve’s technological infrastructure, were arrested in Brooklyn and Costa Rica, respectively.

The defendants are each charged with one count of conspiracy to commit money laundering, which carries a maximum term of 20 years in prison, one count of conspiracy to operate an unlicensed money transmitting business, which carries a maximum term of five years in prison, and operation of an unlicensed money transmitting business, which carries a maximum term of five years in prison.

Two other defendants, Ahmed Yassine Abdelghani (“Yassine”) and Allan Esteban Hidalgo Jimenez (“Hidalgo”) are at large in Costa Rica.

The defendants are accused of structuring Liberty Reserve as a criminal bank-payment processor, designed to help users conduct transactions anonymously and launder the proceeds of their crimes. Liberty Reserve is alleged to have had more than one million users worldwide, including more than 200,000 users in the United States, who conducted approximately 55 million transactions – virtually all of which were illegal. Law enforcement officials believe that more than $6 billion in suspected criminal proceeds have been laundered via Liberty Reserve because it provided an infrastructure that enabled cyber criminals around the world to conduct anonymous and untraceable financial transactions.

The defendants also protected the criminal infrastructure of Liberty Reserve by, among other things, lying to anti-money laundering authorities in Costa Rica and pretending to shut down the company after learning it was being investigated by U.S. law enforcement. They continued operating the business through a set of shell companies, moving millions of dollars through shell company accounts maintained in Cyprus, Russia, China, Hong Kong, Morocco, Spain, Australia and elsewhere.

In addition to the criminal charges brought in the indictment, law enforcement seized the Liberty Reserve domain name and the domain names of four exchanger websites that were controlled by one or more of the defendants. They also restrained or seized 45 bank accounts. Prosecutors filed a civil action against 35 exchanger websites seeking the forfeiture of the exchangers’ domain names because the websites were used to facilitate the Liberty Reserve money laundering conspiracy and constitute property involved in money laundering.

The U.S. Department of the Treasury and its Financial Crimes Enforcement Network also named Liberty Reserve as a financial institution of primary money laundering concern under Section 311 of the Patriot Act.

“The actions of the U.S. Secret Service, IRS and HSI in dismantling the Liberty Reserve operation are critical because transnational criminal organizations can succeed only so long as they can funnel their illicit proceeds freely and without detection,” said HSI New York Special Agent in Charge James T. Hayes Jr. “HSI is proud of its partnership through the Global Illicit Financial Team and will continue to aggressively target financial institutions that deliberately enable businesses and individuals to evade global financial systems in furtherance of criminal schemes.”

The investigation and takedown involved law enforcement action in 17 countries, including: Costa Rica, the Netherlands, Spain, Morocco, Sweden, Switzerland, Cyprus, Australia, China, Norway, Latvia, Luxembourg, the United Kingdom, Russia, Canada and the United States.

Several international law enforcement agencies also participated in the investigation, including: the Judicial Investigation Organization in Costa Rica, the National High Tech Crime Unit in the Netherlands, the Spanish National Police, the Swedish National Bureau of Investigation’s Financial and Economic Crime Unit and Cyber Crime Unit, and the Swiss Federal Prosecutor’s Office.

SOURCE: ICE

What Controls: Online Terms or a Written Contract?

By Blog, Internet / eCommerce, News, Technology Transactions

In the case of Fadal Machining Centers, LLC  v. Compumachine, Inc., the Ninth Circuit decided that the arbitration clause found in the terms and conditions on a company website was binding on the parties.

Fadal Machining Centers (“Fadal”) manufactures machines and Compumachine is one of Fadal’s exclusive distributors. The two parties had a distribution agreement that included a forum selection provision. Including this provision meant that the parties agreed to bring suits against each other in a previously agreed upon forum. This implies that the parties could sue each other under the contract. However, when Fadal sued Compumachine over unpaid invoices, the district court dismissed the case because each of Fadal’s invoices referred to Fadal’s website for terms and conditions of sale and those online terms said that non-payment claims had to be submitted to arbitration. Fadal appealed, but the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed the district court’s decision.

The lesson for companies is this: be careful about what terms and conditions you post online. Although these online terms and conditions may never be officially entered into by a contract in writing, they can still be binding when they are incorporated by reference.

Read the case in its entirety here.

SOURCE: United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit

$75 Million in Total Export Penalties for Illegally Helping China Develop Attack Helicopter

By Export, International Business, ITAR, Technology Transactions

Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. (PWC), a Canadian subsidiary of the Connecticut-based defense contractor United Technologies Corporation (UTC),  pleaded guilty to violating the Arms Export Control Act and making false statements in connection with its illegal export to China of U.S.-origin military software used in the development of China’s first modern military attack helicopter, the Z-10.

In addition, UTC, its U.S.-based subsidiary Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation (HSC) and PWC have all agreed to pay more than $75 million as part of a global settlement with the Justice Department and State Department in connection with the China arms export violations and for making false and belated disclosures to the U.S. government about these illegal exports.  Roughly $20.7 million of this sum is to be paid to the Justice Department.  The remaining $55 million is payable to the State Department as part of a separate consent agreement to resolve outstanding export issues, including those related to the Z-10.  Up to $20 million of this penalty can be suspended if applied by UTC to remedial compliance measures.  As part of the settlement, the companies admitted conduct set forth in a stipulated and publicly filed statement of facts.

Today’s actions were announced by David B. Fein, U.S. Attorney for the District of Connecticut; Lisa Monaco, Assistant Attorney General for National Security; John Morton, Director of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE); Ed Bradley, Special Agent in Charge of the Northeast Field Office of the Defense Criminal Investigative Service (DCIS); Kimberly K. Mertz, Special Agent in Charge of the FBI New Haven Division; David Mills, Department of Commerce Assistant Secretary for Export Enforcement; and Andrew J. Shapiro, Assistant Secretary of State for Political-Military Affairs.

The Charges

Today in the District of Connecticut, the Justice Department filed a three-count criminal information charging UTC, PWC and HSC.  Count One charges PWC with violating the Arms Export Control Act in connection with the illegal export of defense articles to China for the Z-10 helicopter.  Count Two charges PWC, UTC and HSC with making false statements to the U.S. government in their belated disclosures relating to the illegal exports.  Count Three charges PWC and HSC with failure to timely inform the U.S. government of exports of defense articles to China.

While PWC has pleaded guilty to Counts One and Two, the Justice Department has recommended that prosecution of UTC and HSC on Count Two, and PWC and HSC on Count Three be deferred for two years, provided the companies abide by the terms of a deferred prosecution agreement with the Justice Department.  As part of the agreement, the companies must pay $75 million and retain an Independent Monitor to monitor and assess their compliance with export laws for the next two years.

The Export Scheme

Since 1989, the United States has imposed a prohibition upon the export to China of all U.S. defense articles and associated technical data as a result of the conduct in June 1989 at Tiananmen Square by the military of the People’s Republic of China.  In February 1990, the U.S. Congress imposed a prohibition upon licenses or approvals for the export of defense articles to the People’s Republic of China.  In codifying the embargo, Congress specifically named helicopters for inclusion in the ban.

Dating back to the 1980s, China sought to develop a military attack helicopter.  Beginning in the 1990s, after Congress had imposed the prohibition on exports to China, China sought to develop its attack helicopter under the guise of a civilian medium helicopter program in order to secure Western assistance.  The Z-10, developed with assistance from Western suppliers, is China’s first modern military attack helicopter.

During the development phases of China’s Z-10 program, each Z-10 helicopter was powered by engines supplied by PWC.  PWC delivered 10 of these development engines to China in 2001 and 2002.  Despite the military nature of the Z-10 helicopter, PWC determined on its own that these development engines for the Z-10 did not constitute “defense articles,” requiring a U.S. export license, because they were identical to those engines PWC was already supplying China for a commercial helicopter.

Because the Electronic Engine Control software, made by HSC in the United States to test and operate the PWC engines, was modified for a military helicopter application, it was a defense article and required a U.S. export license.  Still, PWC knowingly and willfully caused this software to be exported to China for the Z-10 without any U.S. export license.  In 2002 and 2003, PWC caused six versions of the military software to be illegally exported from HSC in the United States to PWC in Canada, and then to China, where it was used in the PWC engines for the Z-10.

According to court documents, PWC knew from the start of the Z-10 project in 2000 that the Chinese were developing an attack helicopter and that supplying it with U.S.-origin components would be illegal.  When the Chinese claimed that a civil version of the helicopter would be developed in parallel, PWC marketing personnel expressed skepticism internally about the “sudden appearance” of the civil program, the timing of which they questioned as “real or imagined.”  PWC nevertheless saw an opening for PWC “to insist on exclusivity in [the] civil version of this helicopter,” and stated that the Chinese would “no longer make reference to the military program.” PWC failed to notify UTC or HSC about the attack helicopter until years later and purposely turned a blind eye to the helicopter’s military application.

HSC in the United States had believed it was providing its software to PWC for a civilian helicopter in China, based on claims from PWC.  By early 2004, HSC learned there might an export problem and stopped working on the Z-10 project.  UTC also began to ask PWC about the exports to China for the Z-10.  Regardless, PWC on its own modified the software and continued to export it to China through June 2005.

According to court documents, PWC’s illegal conduct was driven by profit.  PWC anticipated that its work on the Z-10 military attack helicopter in China would open the door to a far more lucrative civilian helicopter market in China, which according to PWC estimates, was potentially worth as much as $2 billion to PWC.

Belated and False Disclosures to U.S. Government

These companies failed to disclose to the U.S. government the illegal exports to China for several years and only did so after an investor group queried UTC in early 2006 about whether PWC’s role in China’s Z-10 attack helicopter might violate U.S. laws.  The companies then made an initial disclosure to the State Department in July 2006, with follow-up submissions in August and September 2006.

The 2006 disclosures contained numerous false statements.  Among other things, the companies falsely asserted that they were unaware until 2003 or 2004 that the Z-10 program involved a military helicopter.  In fact, by the time of the disclosures, all three companies were aware that PWC officials knew at the project’s inception in 2000 that the Z-10 program involved an attack helicopter.

Today, the Z-10 helicopter is in production and initial batches were delivered to the People’s Liberation Army of China in 2009 and 2010.  The primary mission of the Z-10 is anti-armor and battlefield interdiction.  Weapons of the Z-10 have included 30 mm cannons, anti-tank guided missiles, air-to-air missiles and unguided rockets.

“PWC exported controlled U.S. technology to China, knowing it would be used in the development of a military attack helicopter in violation of the U.S. arms embargo with China,” said U.S. Attorney Fein.  “PWC took what it described internally as a ‘calculated risk,’ because it wanted to become the exclusive supplier for a civil helicopter market in China with projected revenues of up to two billion dollars.  Several years after the violations were known, UTC, HSC and PWC disclosed the violations to the government and made false statements in doing so.  The guilty pleas by PWC and the agreement reached with all three companies should send a clear message that any corporation that willfully sends export controlled material to an embargoed nation will be prosecuted and punished, as will those who know about it and fail to make a timely and truthful disclosure.”

“Due in part to the efforts of these companies, China was able to develop its first modern military attack helicopter with restricted U.S. defense technology.  As today’s case demonstrates, the Justice Department will spare no effort to hold accountable those who compromise U.S. national security for the sake of profits and then lie about it to the government,” said Assistant Attorney General Monaco.  “I thank the agents, analysts and prosecutors who helped bring about this important case.”

“This case is a clear example of how the illegal export of sensitive technology reduces the advantages our military currently possesses,” said ICE Director Morton.  “I am hopeful that the conviction of Pratt & Whitney Canada and the substantial penalty levied against United Technologies and its subsidiaries will deter other companies from considering similarly ill-conceived business practices in the future.  American military prowess depends on lawful, controlled exports of sensitive technology by U.S. industries and their subsidiaries, which is why ICE will continue its present campaign to aggressively investigate and prosecute criminal violations of U.S. export laws relating to national security.”

“… [These] charges and settlement demonstrate the continued commitment of the Defense Criminal Investigative Service (DCIS) and fellow agencies to protect sensitive U.S. defense technology from being illegally exported,” said DCIS Special Agent in Charge Bradley.  “Safeguarding our military technology is vital to our nation’s defense and the protection of our war fighters both home and abroad.  We know that foreign governments are actively seeking U.S. defense technology for their own development.  Thwarting these efforts is a top priority for DCIS.  I applaud the agents and prosecutors who worked tirelessly to bring about this result.”

“Preventing the loss of critical U.S. information and technologies is one of the most important investigative priorities of the FBI,” said FBI Special Agent in Charge Mertz.  “Our adversaries routinely target sensitive research and development data and intellectual property from universities, government agencies, manufacturers, and defense contractors.  While the thefts associated with economic espionage and illegal technology transfers may not capture the same level of attention as a terrorist incident, the costs to the U.S. economy and our national security are substantial.  Violations of the Arms Export Control Act put our nation at risk and the FBI, along with all of our federal agency partners, are committed to ensuring that embargoed technologies do not fall into the wrong hands.  Those who violate these laws should expect to be held accountable.  An important part of the FBI’s strategy in this area involves the development of strategic partnerships.  In that regard, the FBI looks forward to future coordination with UTC and its subsidiaries to strengthen information sharing and counterintelligence awareness.”

“Protecting national security is our top priority,” said Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Export Enforcement Mills.  “Today’s action sends a clear signal that federal law enforcement agencies will work together diligently to prevent U.S. technology from falling into the wrong hands.”

Assistant Secretary Shapiro, of the State Department’s Bureau of Political and Military Affairs, said, “Today’s $75 million settlement with United Technologies Corporation sends a clear message:  willful violators of U.S. arms export control regulations will be pursued and punished.  The successful resolution of this case is the byproduct of the tireless work of our compliance officers and highlights the relentless commitment of the State Department to protect sensitive American technologies from being illegally transferred.”

Chester Speaks to North Texas Technology Entrepreneurs

By Export, International Business, News, Technology Transactions

J. F. (Jim) Chester, founding partner in the Dallas-based global business & technology law firm of CHESTER pllc, recently presented a seminar on the legal implications of doing business internationally to an audience of entrepreneurs and venture capitalists at an event sponsored by the North Texas Enterprise Center (NTEC).  Chester co-presented the seminar with Cesar Reyna, CEO of Trade Consulting Services, LLC (www.TCSGroup-US.com), an international trade consulting firm.

NTEC regularly holds informational seminars, such as the recent event presented by Chester, to introduce such topics to its stakeholders and entrepreneur partners and affiliates as part of its mission to promote innovation and emerging technologies in the North Texas region.

The title of the presentation, which was held at the NTEC headquarters in Frisco, Texas, was: “Going Global:  Common International Business & Trade Legal Issues.”  Subject Chester and Reyna discussed includes international contracting and payment considerations, import/export and other international trade regulations, ITAR, FCPA, and international civil litigation.

Jim Chester, founder and managing partner in CHESTER pllc, also teaches courses on International Trade Law and International Business Transactions at Baylor University Law School.

Of the event, Chester reports, “International business presents a number of opportunities for companies of all sizes, but involves a lot of risk, as well.  Although many of the NTEC companies represented in the audience are ‘pre-revenue’ or start-ups at relatively early stages, they are already thinking globally – which is exactly what they need to be doing.”

About CHESTER pllc

CHESTER pllc is a Dallas, Texas law firm providing comprehensive legal services to innovation-based companies doing business in the US, around the world, and on the web.  Its mission (and passion) is helping entrepreneurs and emerging companies solve problems and protect their interests. CHESTER pllc delivers value by providing business-savvy, cost-effective solutions to legal challenges.  The firm offers a wide array of business legal solutions, such as business entity formation (LLCs, corporations, etc.), trademarks and other intellectual property, technology transactions, contracts, ecommerce and dispute resolution.  Additional information about the firm and its attorneys may be found at www.chester-law.com

About NTEC

The North Texas Enterprise Center (NTEC) is a not-for-profit organization based in Frisco, Texas, that operates as a business accelerator – providing a broad spectrum of services and support to MedTech and CleanTech start-up companies.  NTEC, which was founded in 2002, has grown to become one of the largest technology start-up accelerators in the South Central U.S.  NTEC’s core mission is assisting entrepreneurs with the challenging task of starting and expanding a new, technology-based business venture.  The target result of that mission is local and regional economic development, new job creation and industry diversification.  For more information, please visit www.ntec-inc.org.

U.S IP-intensive Industry Worth $5 Trillion, 40 Million Jobs to US Economy

By Intellectual Property, International IP, Technology Transactions

The U.S. Commerce Department recently released a comprehensive report, entitled “Intellectual Property and the U.S. Economy: Industries in Focus,” which finds that intellectual property (IP)-intensive industries support at least 40 million jobs and contribute more than $5 trillion dollars to, or 34.8 percent of, U.S. gross domestic product (GDP).

While IP is used in virtually every segment of the U.S. economy, the report identifies the 75 industries that use patent, copyright, or trademark protections most extensively. These “IP-intensive industries” are the source – directly or indirectly – of 40 million jobs. That’s more than a quarter of all the jobs in this country. Some of the most IP-intensive industries include: Computer and peripheral equipment, audio and video equipment manufacturing, newspaper and book publishers, Pharmaceutical and medicines, Semiconductor and other electronic components, and the Medical equipment space.

The report has several important findings, including:

• IP-intensive industries contributed $5.06 trillion to the U.S. economy or 34.8 percent of GDP in 2010.

• 40 million jobs, or 27.7 percent of all jobs, were directly or indirectly attributable to the most IP-intensive industries in 2010.

• Between 2010 and 2011, the economic recovery led to a 1.6 percent increase in direct employment in IP-intensive industries, faster than the 1.0 percent growth in non-IP-intensive industries.

• Merchandise exports of IP-intensive industries totaled $775 billion in 2010, accounting for 60.7 percent of total U.S. merchandise exports.

The full report can be found online at http://www.uspto.gov/news/publications/IP_Report_March_2012.pdf.

 

 

SOURCE:  USPTO / US Dept of Commerce

I.C.E. Seizes more than $896,000 in proceeds from the online sale of counterfeit sports apparel manufactured in China

By Customs IP Enforcement, Import, Intellectual Property, International IP, Internet / eCommerce, Technology Transactions

The U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE)-led National Intellectual Property Rights Coordination Center (IPR Center) and the Department of Justice recently seized more than $896,000 in proceeds from the distribution of counterfeit sports apparel as the result of an investigation into the sale of counterfeit goods on commercial websites. The investigation also resulted in the seizure of seven domain names engaged in the sale of counterfeit goods. The funds were seized from interbank accounts and three PayPal accounts.

The investigation by ICE’s Homeland Security Investigations (HSI) is a result of Operation In Our Sites, which targets online commercial intellectual property crime, and began in June 2010. Operation In Our Sites targets online retailers for a diverse array of counterfeit goods, including sports equipment, shoes, handbags, athletic apparel, sunglasses and DVD boxed sets. To date, 758 domain names of websites engaged in the sale and distribution of counterfeit goods and illegal copyrighted works have been seized as a result of Operation In Our Sites.

“Counterfeiting and intellectual property theft are seriously undermining U.S. business and innovation,” said ICE Director John Morton. “Consumers are at risk, American industry is harmed and U.S. jobs are lost. As a country, we can ill afford the toll that intellectual property theft exacts on our economy and industries. Operation In Our Sites and the related efforts of the National Intellectual Property Rights Coordination Center are critical to combating intellectual property crime and consumer fraud over the Internet.”

According to court documents, investigation by federal law enforcement officers revealed that several subjects whose domain names had been seized in November 2010 through Operation In Our Sites continued to sell counterfeit goods using new domain names. In particular, the individuals, based in China, sold counterfeit professional and collegiate sports apparel, primarily counterfeit sports jerseys. Law enforcement officers made numerous undercover purchases from the websites associated with the new domain names. After the goods were confirmed to be counterfeit or infringing, seizure warrants for seven domain names used to sell the goods were obtained from a U.S. magistrate judge in U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia.

The individuals conducted sales and processed payments for the counterfeit goods using PayPal accounts and then wired their proceeds to bank accounts held at Chinese banks. Pursuant to warrants issued by a U.S. district judge, law enforcement officers seized $826,883 in proceeds that had been transferred from PayPal accounts to various bank accounts in China. The funds were seized from correspondent, or interbank, accounts held by the Chinese banks in the United States. Pursuant to additional seizure warrants issued by a U.S. magistrate judge, law enforcement officers also seized $69,504 in funds remaining in three PayPal accounts used by the subjects.

“We are working hard to protect American businesses and consumers from the damaging effects of intellectual property crime,” said Assistant Attorney General Lanny A. Breuer. “This investigation disrupted an online counterfeit goods operation, and also struck at the heart of the criminal enterprise by seizing hundreds of thousands of dollars in illegal profits. The Justice Department, together with our partners at ICE, will continue to do all that we can to punish and deter the sale and distribution of counterfeit goods.”

“Those who traffic in counterfeit goods harm the American economy as well as the consumers who purchase the substandard merchandise,” said U.S. Attorney Ronald C. Machen Jr., District of Columbia. “Seizing the domain names of these unscrupulous operators was one big step, and seizing their ill-gotten proceeds should send them another message that these counterfeit sales will not be tolerated.”

The investigation was conducted by the IPR Center and HSI. The case is being prosecuted by Assistant U.S. Attorneys Jonathan Hooks and Diane Lucas, and Special Assistant U.S. Attorney Katharine Wagner of the District of Columbia; Senior Trial Attorney Pamela Hicks of the Asset Forfeiture and Money Laundering Section in the Justice Department’s Criminal Division; and Trial Attorney Thomas Dougherty of the Computer Crime and Intellectual Property Section in the Justice Department’s Criminal Division.

As the largest investigative arm of the Department of Homeland Security, HSI plays a leading role in targeting criminal organizations responsible for producing, smuggling and distributing counterfeit products. HSI focuses not only on keeping counterfeit products off our streets, but also on dismantling the criminal organizations behind such illicit activity.

HSI manages the IPR Center in Washington. The IPR Center is one of the U.S. government’s key weapons in the fight against criminal counterfeiting and piracy. As a task force, the IPR Center uses the expertise of its 20 member agencies to share information, develop initiatives, coordinate enforcement actions and conduct investigations related to IP theft. Through this strategic interagency partnership, the IPR Center protects the public’s health and safety, the U.S. economy and the war fighters.

To report IP theft or to learn more about the IPR Center, visit www.IPRCenter.gov.

SOURCE:  DHS